In a recent ketamine study led by researchers from UNSW Sydney and the Black Dog Institute, a significant breakthrough in treating severe depression has emerged. Their findings, published in the British Journal of Psychiatry, reveal the effectiveness of a low-cost version of ketamine compared to a placebo.
Through a meticulously designed trial, 179 participants who had previously shown resistance to various therapies, including talk therapy, antidepressants, and even electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), were involved. Half of the participants received a generic form of ketamine, widely used for anesthesia and sedation, while the other half received a placebo.
Over the course of a month, participants received bi-weekly injections, and their mood was assessed at the end of the trial and one month later. The trial followed a double-blind method, where neither the participants nor the administering researchers knew who received the active ketamine or the placebo.
Unlike previous studies that used saline as a placebo, the researchers chose a placebo that also caused sedation to minimize biases. This improved the integrity of the trial as participants couldn’t easily distinguish between the active drug and the placebo due to the lack of subjective effects from saline.
Intriguingly, the administration of generic ketamine was done subcutaneously, reducing both time and medical complexity compared to intravenous administration.
Now, brace yourselves for remarkable results! Over 20% of the participants who received generic ketamine achieved total remission from their depressive symptoms. But that’s not all! A staggering one-third of the participants experienced a significant improvement of at least 50% in their symptoms compared to the placebo group.
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What makes this breakthrough even more exciting? The affordability of generic ketamine! While the patented S-ketamine nasal spray costs around $800 per dose, the generic ketamine used in this trial is available at a fraction of that cost – as low as $5 per dose! This significantly reduces the financial burden for patients in need.
The impact of this breakthrough cannot be overstated. For individuals who have not responded to traditional therapies, this low-cost version of ketamine offers a beacon of hope. The positive effects of this treatment have the potential to transform lives, enabling individuals to return to work, pursue education, and regain their quality of life.
As researchers plan more extensive trials and work towards refining the safety monitoring of generic ketamine, the future looks promising for a more effective and accessible treatment for severe depression. The power of ketamine shines as a beacon of hope, promising a new dawn in the treatment of depression.
Glossary:
- Treatment-resistant depression: Refers to a form of depression that does not respond to conventional treatments such as talk therapy, antidepressant medications, or electroconvulsive therapy.
- Ketamine: A medication commonly used as an anesthetic and sedative. In recent years, it has shown potential as a rapid-acting antidepressant.
- Placebo: An inactive substance or treatment designed to resemble the active treatment being studied in a clinical trial. It is used to assess the actual effects of the active treatment by comparison.
- Double-blind trial: A research study in which neither the participants nor the researchers administering the treatment are aware of who receives the active treatment and who receives the placebo. This method helps minimize biases and ensures an unbiased evaluation of the treatment’s effectiveness.
- Remission: A state in which the symptoms of a particular illness or condition are significantly reduced or eliminated.
- Anesthesia: The state of induced insensitivity to pain, typically achieved through the use of medication, allowing medical procedures to be performed without causing pain or discomfort to the patient.
- Sedation: The process of calming or reducing a patient’s anxiety, making them drowsy or less aware of their surroundings, often achieved through the use of medication.
- Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT): A medical treatment used for severe depression involving the administration of controlled electric currents to the brain to induce a seizure. It is typically recommended when other treatments have been ineffective.
- Generic ketamine: A less expensive version of ketamine that does not carry the brand name. Generic medications are often more affordable and have the same active ingredients and effects as their brand-name counterparts.
- Subcutaneously: A method of drug administration in which the medication is injected into the layer of tissue just below the skin. This route of administration is often used when medications need to be absorbed slowly or for self-administration purposes.
Journal Reference:
Colleen Loo, Nick Glozier, David Barton, Bernhard T. Baune, Natalie T. Mills, Paul Fitzgerald, Paul Glue, Shanthi Sarma, Veronica Galvez-Ortiz, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, Angelo Alonzo, Vanessa Dong, Donel Martin, Stevan Nikolin, Philip B. Mitchell, Michael Berk, Gregory Carter, Maree Hackett, John Leyden, Sean Hood, Andrew A. Somogyi, Kyle Lapidus, Elizabeth Stratton, Kirsten Gainsford, Deepak Garg, Nicollette L. R. Thornton, Célia Fourrier, Karyn Richardson, Demi Rozakis, Anish Scaria, Cathrine Mihalopoulos, Mary Lou Chatterton, William M. McDonald, Philip Boyce, Paul E. Holtzheimer, F. Andrew Kozel, Patricio Riva-Posse, Anthony Rodgers. Efficacy and safety of a 4-week course of repeated subcutaneous ketamine injections for treatment-resistant depression (KADS study): randomised double-blind active-controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 2023; 1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2023.79